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Domestic Servant Exemption

Workers' compensation coverage for domestic servants is limited. Such limitation is generally based on the exclusion for part-time employees or the statutory exemption for employers with less than the requisite minimum number of employees. Many states specifically exclude domestic servants from workers' compensation coverage. Others omit to place domestic servants on the list of covered employments. However, almost half of the states provide at least a measure of coverage for those employed as domestic servants.

Earning Capacity

The extent to which an individual is "disabled" by workers' compensation standards requires an examination of the individual's earning capacity after the injury in relation to his earnings prior to being injured. Even if the individual realizes a reduction in his earnings after the injury, he must still prove a causal link between the earnings reduction and his injury. Failure to do so will result in a denial of benefits. If the individual achieves earnings after his injury is sustained, there is a presumption that he has an "earning capacity" in keeping with such earnings. However, the presumption can be rebutted by evidence that the individual, in fact, has no earning capacity or that the post-injury earnings he received are not an accurate, fair, or reasonable measure of the individual's earning capacity.

Disfigurement

Though not universal, awards for disfigurement are allowed in the majority of states. Usually, disfigurement awards are arbitrary in nature in that there is a somewhat fixed sum allocated, which can vary by jurisdiction. Unlike other awards, those for disfigurement are not normally based on the employee's loss of wages. However, the language in some state statutes is such that compensability will only be found when the disfigurement would impact the employee's earning capacity or general employability.

Workers' Compensation and Third Party Actions

Avoiding a Double Recovery)

Personal Injury

When determining workers' compensation coverage, most states condition benefits on the worker receiving a "personal injury" in the course of his employment. The remainder of states just use "injury." For workers' compensation purposes, a "personal injury" or "injury" includes not only harm to the person from a trauma, such as a cut from a sharp piece of equipment, but also occupational diseases. Further, a "personal injury" can be either a physical or mental condition.